A few years ago, during the real estate boom, an unforeseen problem began occurring regularly that created quite a problem for mortgage lenders when they had to foreclose on a home. Everybody who had ever stayed up late watching TV suddenly wanted to become a real estate investor. A “house flipper”.
There is such a thing as a legitimate “house flipper”. This type of investor uses their own money and credit to buy up foreclosures and other distressed real estate, repair the property and then sell it at a profit. This provides an important function in the economy. Unfortunately, the investors flooding the market over the last couple of years never quite matched that description. These master television trained real estate investors would make an offer on a property even though they had no financing of their own. Then they would go in and sweep it up and mop a little. At the same time, they would find some poor uninformed dreamer who didn’t really understand what was going on, agree to pay all the loan closing costs and down payment assistance, and get them preapproved for an FHA loan. They would then set up back to back closings so they could buy the property and sell it to the new buyer at the same time without ever having put up a dime of their own money. They would frequently sell the home at double the price they paid originally.
Of course these “sellers” would offer such easy terms (at a time when it was a seller’s market and others weren’t making such concessions) that they would have a boatload of potential prospective homeowners to choose from. Unfortunately after this had been going on for a few years, some of these new home owners began to default on their mortgages and HUD would have to pay off the lender from the FHA insurance fund. This is the source of all the HUD houses you see advertised in the weekend papers. Trouble is, when HUD was trying to sell these houses they kept having to take a big loss, endangering the very existence of the FHA program.
Thus several years ago, HUD implemented their “anti-flipping” rule. Now any house that had changed owners within the previous 90 days was absolutely ineligible for any FHA financing. The goal of this rule was to make sure that homes were being sold by legitimate investors who were taking the time to actually bring the property value up before selling it and making a killing.
Of course in HUD’s usual inimitable governmental style they overlooked one tiny factor that created a big problem in the marketplace. They failed to create an exemption for homes that had been foreclosed upon and were being sold by the lender. This excluded a large segment of the potential buyers from the picture and caused lenders to take a big hit in the prices foreclosed property would bring. So in 2006, HUD amended the rule to exclude homes being sold by government sponsored enterprises and federally chartered financial institutions. However, they left the rule in place for all other sellers.
Now we arrive at the present. The subprime market has crashed. Foreclosures are setting records every month. Thousands and thousands are losing their homes. But at least, we think, many potential new first time home buyers can now take advantage of this drop in home prices while FHA interest rates are low.
Smart real estate agents and mortgage originators who are up to date on guidelines release these nervous potential home owners out into the market. As they visit these foreclosed properties, they always ask whether the present owner is eligible for that financial institution exception. The lender’s real estate agent will say honestly that this home is definitely still owned by the bank and the bank is an exempt institution. Everyone completes the negotiations and gets all the right signatures to put the buyer’s mortgage in process. Everything is wonderful up to this point. As normally happens, the title examination results are faxed over to the processor and look fine at first glance. Then while double checking the details, the mortgage processor notices that the owner named on the title policy doesn’t exactly match the contract. Very similar, but not an exact match. So a call is made to the attorney/title company’s office and the processor finds out that now a subsidiary company of the foreclosing now owns the property. A fairly common practice lenders employ in managing their real estate owned portfolio.
These subsidiaries of the lenders often obtain title to the property many months after completion of the original foreclosure. The trouble is, they are not exempt from the anti flipping rule and have usually owned the property a month or less. No one in the lender’s office, or the attorney’s office every tried to mislead the buyer, but now that buyer who must move out of an apartment in a few days, must wait 60 more days to close on and move into their new house.
Loan officers must be sure to warn real estate agents and potential new home owners, about this rule. Be sure that everyone goes far above and beyond the call of duty asking questions about the chain of title of the home before setting any dates on the sales contract. This situation doesn’t cause much difficulty if caught at the beginning and planned for, but can be absolutely devastating if this detail is missed.